KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DI ERA KECERDASAN BUATAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN PEMBELAJARAN DAN ADMINISTRASI

Didit Darmawan; Aditiya Purnama; Rizqi Ihsan Maulana; Sinta Nurya; Rahayu Mardikaningsih

doi:10.47353/bj.v6i2.661

Authors

Didit Darmawan Universitas Sunan Giri Surabaya
Aditiya Purnama Universitas Sunan Giri Surabaya
Rizqi Ihsan Maulana Universitas Sunan Giri Surabaya
Sinta Nurya Universitas Sunan Giri Surabaya
Rahayu Mardikaningsih Universitas Sunan Giri Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47353/bj.v6i2.661

Keywords:

school leadership, artificial intelligence in education, curriculum adaptation, teacher AI competence, assessment automation, educational ethics, humanistic education

Abstract

This article presents a conceptual study of school leadership in the age of artificial intelligence in education. The discussion focuses on how principals can prepare their institutions and human resources for AI driven changes in teaching, assessment, and administration. The paper proposes that school leaders articulate a clear vision of AI as a supportive tool aligned with educational goals, guide curriculum adaptation to include AI literacy and ethical reflection, and design structured professional development for teachers regarding AI capabilities and limitations. It also argues that principals should establish policies regulating classroom use of AI, protect data privacy, and preserve the humanistic essence of education by safeguarding teacher student relationships and dialogic learning. Furthermore, the article highlights the need for participatory leadership structures, critical engagement with technology providers, and transparent communication with parents. The proposed framework aims to serve as a normative reference for principals and policy makers seeking to steer schools through AI related disruptions while maintaining educational values.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agrawal, A., Banerjee, A. R. S., Jhariya, M. K., Garg, N., Hashmi, I., Brar, V., Gupta, D., & Mishra, D. (2025). AI-Powered Student Assessment in Higher Education. 177–202. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-2130-1.ch006

Ahamed, F. I. (2025). The transformative role of Artificial Intelligence in modern education. World Journal Of Advanced Research and Reviews, 26(1), 3239–3247. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.26.1.1453

Akmal, D., Kurniawan, D., Darmawan, D., & Wardani, A. (2015). Manajemen Pendidikan. IntiPresindo Pustaka, Bandung.

Al Laisty, M. D., Darmawan, D., & Fajar, A. S. M. (2024). The Role of Leadership Style in Building a Discipline Culture in Pesantren: Facing the Challenges of Social and Technological Change. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, 3(3), 62-68.

Anam, R. C., & Darmawan, D. (2024). Pengaruh supervisi kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru di MTS Nurul Ikhlas Sidoarjo. Sulawesi Tenggara Educational Journal, 4(3), 86-92.

Andersson, J. R., Lindqvist, M. H., Jaldemark, J., Andersson, J. R., Lindqvist, M. H., & Jaldemark, J. (2025). School Leaders’ Perceptions on the Potential of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Leadership Practices. European Conference on E-Learning, 24(1), 338–344. https://doi.org/10.34190/ecel.24.1.3798

Areba, G. N., Wambua, B. K., & Ndaita, J. (2025). Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education. 199–220. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-2322-0.ch008

Assayed, A. K., & Assayed, S. K. (2025). AI-Driven Educational Leadership. Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics Book Series, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-3316-8.ch001

Bala, M., & Sharma, R. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Education: The Future of Learning. 131–148. https://doi.org/10.2174/9798898810511125010009

Bashor, M., El-Yunusi, M. Y. M., & Darmawan, D. (2024). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah, Profesionalisme Guru, dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru MI Muslimat NU Pucang Sidoarjo. Journal on Education, 7(1), 2427-2451.

Burkett, J. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and School Leadership. Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics Book Series, 181–210. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-6007-2.ch006

Camarero‐Figuerola, M., Camacho, M., & Davids, A. I. R. (2025). Educational Leadership in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. 52–65. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003611189-5

Chapman, S., McNeill, P., & McNeill, P. (2005). Research Methods. Routledge.

Darmawan, D. (2014). Pengaruh kompetensi dan semangat kerja terhadap prestasi kerja guru. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Pendidikan Indonesia, 1(1), 1-14.

Darmawan, D., Mardikaningsih, R., Sinambela, E. A., Arifin, S., Putra, A. R., Hariani, M., Irfan, M., Al Hakim, Y. R., & Issalillah, F. (2020). The Quality of Human Resources, Job Performance and Employee Loyalty. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(3), 2580 sampai 2592.

Darmawan, D., Mardikaningsih, R., Arifin, S., Sinambela, E. A., & Putra, A. R. (2021). Studi tentang Peranan Variabel Kompetensi, Penilaian Kinerja, dan Kondisi Kerja terhadap Perwujudan Kepuasan Kerja Guru. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kewirausahaan, 9(2), 516-530.

Darmawan, D. (2022). Posthuman Human Resource Management in Organizations using Generative Artificial Intelligence, Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 2(2), 97-124.

Darmawan, D. (2023). Developing Pedagogical Standards and AI Policies for Adaptive Learning in Equitable and Safe School Education. Journal of Practice Learning and Educational Development, 3(4), 400-413.

Darmawan, D. (2024a). Application of Situational Leadership in Decision Making in Dynamic Organizations. Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(1), 499-504.

Darmawan, D. (2024b). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Terhadap Kinerja Guru. Tarunaedu: Journal of Education and Learning, 2(2), 80-97.

Darmawan, D. & Fajar, A.S. M. (2024). The Role of Social Media in the Distribution and Dissemination of Education Publications in the Digital Age. Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 4(2), 41-58.

Darmawan, D. (2025). Job Redesign, Automation, and Digital Workforce Competencies in the Twenty-First Century. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, 4(3), 103-114.

Darmawan, D., & Mahbubah, S. M. (2026). Iklim Religius Madrasah dan Pembentukan Karakter Siswa MI (Madrasah Religious Climate and Character Formation of MI Students). Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 12(3. C), 245-270.

Darmawan, D., & Pernaningtik, N. A. (2026). Ekosistem Pembentukan Motivasi: Keteladanan Guru dan Pendampingan Orang Tua pada Siswa Madrasah. Pahlawan Jurnal Pendidikan-Sosial-Budaya, 22(1), 89-112.

Eryilmaz, N., Mah, D.-K., Bellibaş, M., & Pietsch, M. (2025). School leaders’ expectations of AI’s impact on students and teachers: Insights from ICILS 2023. https://doi.org/10.1177/17411432251401487

Filiz, O., Kaya, M. H., & Adiguzel, T. (2025). Teachers and AI: Understanding the factors influencing AI integration in K-12 education. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13463-2

Gani, A., & Darmawan, D. (2022). Ethics and Accountability in Artificial Intelligence-Based Managerial Decision Making. Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(1), 147-152.

Gani, A., & Darmawan, D. (2023). Human Resource Readiness for Generation Alpha Entering Digital Workplaces. Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 3(1), 185-210.

Gardi, B., Ali, R., & Darmawan, D. (2024). Implementing Situational Leadership to Improve Team Performance in Multicultural Organizations. Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(1), 61-66.

Gautama, E. C., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2022). Driving Sustainable Behavior Change Through Education and Public Awareness. Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(1), 259-264.

Hariani, M., Safira, M. E., & Wahyuni, S. (2021). Multidisciplinary Education and the Growth of Social Competence in Children. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(2), 253-258.

Hariani, M., & Irfan, M. (2022). The Influence of Leadership and Work Culture on Employee Work Loyalty. Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 2(1), 39-48.

Hariani, M., & Wardoyo, D. T. W. (2024). Servant Leadership Mechanisms Enabling Psychological Capital Formation for Academic Staff in Higher Education. Journal of Science, Technology and Society (SICO), 5(2), 45–58.

Hariani, M., Mardikaningsih, R., Darmawan, D., Nuraini, R., & Halizah, S. N. (2025, October). Transformational leadership, student participation, and campus digital communication: A systematic review of green management implementation in higher education. In Proceeding of International Management Conference and Progressive Papers (Vol. 3, No. 1).

Hariani, M., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2026). Job Creafting dan Organizational Learning Culture Sebagai Prediktor Modal Psikologis di Kalangan Staf Universitas. Jurnal Ilmiah Satyagraha, 9(1), 129-145.

Hartono, R., & Sulistyo, B. (2022). The Role of Education in the Social Mobility of Poor Children in Urban Settings. Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 2(1), 109-126.

Irfan, M., & Hariani, M. (2022). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Iklim Organisasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dosen. Jurnal Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(1), 27-36.

Ismaya, B., Sutrisno, S., Darmawan, D., Jahroni, J., & Kholis, N. (2023). Strategy for leadership: how principals of successful schools improve education quality. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 247.

Karakoulas, D., & Theologou, K. (2026). Educational Leadership in the AI Era: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions. RA Journal of Applied Research. https://doi.org/10.47191/rajar/v12i1.08

Kesim, E., & Kesim, E. (2025). Transformation of School Leadership in the AI Era: Requisite Leadership Roles of Teachers. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 44. https://doi.org/10.14689/enad.44.2261

Khasanah, H., Arum, S., & Darmawan, D. (2010). Pengantar Manajemen Bisnis. Spektrum Nusa Press, Jakarta.

Khayru, R. K. (2025). Digital Twins for Sustainable Infrastructure Management at Various Organizational Scales. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, 4(3), 13-24.

Kim, J. (2026). School leaders and AI-driven education: a comparative study of readiness, perceptions and implementation strategies. https://doi.org/10.1108/aiie-03-2025-0048

Kurniawan, Y. & R. K. Khayru. (2021). Popular Culture and Youth: Value, Attitude, and Behavior Formation Through Music, Film, and Digital Content, Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 1(1), 303-324.

Kurniawan, Y., D. Darmawan, & R. K. Khayru. (2021). Social Media and Contemporary Youth Digital Literature, Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 1(2), 109-124.

Liwak, S., Darmawan, D., & El-Yunusi, M. Y. M. (2023). Adaptation Readiness and Resilience Building of Novice Teachers in Navigating the World of Education Professional Work. Journal of Social Science Studies, 3(1), 213-222.

Mardikaningsih, R. (2023). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Iklim Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Guru. Jurnal Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(1), 45-56.

Mardikaningsih, R. & D. Darmawan. (2023). The Role of Digital Leadership in Building Employee Readiness for Workplace Automation, Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 3(1), 423-446.

Mardikaningsih, R., & Oluwatoyin, F. (2023). Analyzing Algorithmic Bias, Automated Justice, and Social Transformation in Artificial Intelligence Implementation. Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 3(1), 107-128.

Maulani, A., Hardyansah, R., Darmawan, D., Mendonca, C. N., & de Jesus Isaac, A. (2023). Juridical Analysis of the Validity of Electronic Contracts Made by Artificial Intelligence in Indonesian Law. Journal of Social Science Studies, 3(1), 139-144.

Musthofa, M. A. R., & Darmawan, D. (2024). School PrincSchool Principal Leadership And Work Environment: Driving Teacher Motivation At The Tanbihul Ghofilin Al Mustofa Sidoraharjo Kedamean Foundation. Hikamatzu| Journal of Multidisciplinary, 1(2), 46-61.

Owen, J. T. (2025). What AI can’t Teach: The Return of the Humanities. https://doi.org/10.59176/kjhss.v5i0.2527

Parvatha, N. (2024). Optimizing curriculum design with AI: Aligning educational content with industry demands. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 13(2), 1020–1028. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2024.13.2.0585

Pramudya, G., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2021). Peningkatan Kinerja Guru Melalui Motivasi Diri, Konsep Diri Dan Efikasi Diri (Studi Pada SMAN 1 Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto). Jurnal Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(1), 9-20.

Putra, A. R., & Sinambela, E. A. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Komunikasi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dosen. Jurnal Simki Pedagogia, 4(1), 58-67.

Rojak, J. A., & Darmawan, D. (2021). Ethical Leadership and Social Responsibility in Organisational Managerial Practice. Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 1(2), 187-204.

Rojak, J. A., D. Darmawan, & R. K. Khayru. (2022). Transformational Leadership as an Agent of Social Change in Organizational Value Systems, Studi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 2(1), 191-212.

Rojak, J. A. (2023). Factors Affecting Lecturer Involvement in Academic Culture Development and How Academic Culture Implements Higher Education. Journal of Social Science Studies, 3(1), 29-34.

Rojak, J. A. (2024). Structured Mentoring as a Catalyst for Developing Professional Competencies Among University Students. Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(2), 87-92.

Rojak, J. A. (2025). Digital Technology as a Driver of Innovative Culture and Creative Engagement of Higher Education Human Resources. International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology, 7(3), 11-17.

Rojak, J. A., Darmawan, D., & Marsal, A. P. (2025, October). Strategic development of mental health-based organizational culture to improve institutional workforce performance in higher education. In Proceeding of International Management Conference and Progressive Papers (Vol. 3, No. 1).

Sahid, S., & Darmawan, D. (2024). Level Of Job Satisfaction And Organizational Culture: The Key To Teacher Commitment At The Al Jahidiyah Foundation, Geger, Bangkalan. Hikamatzu| Journal of Multidisciplinary, 1(1), 320-336.

Sajjapong, T., Irfan, M., & Rojak, J. A. (2025). Fostering Multicultural Collaboration in Higher Education Through Inclusive Communication. Journal of Science, Technology and Society (SICO), 6(1), 25–38.

Scheurich, J. (2014). Research Method in the Postmodern. Routledge.

Sinambela, E.A., R. Mardikaningsih & D. Darmawan. (2014). Inovasi Pendidikan dan Profesionalisme Guru, IntiPresindo Pustaka, Bandung.

Toppo, P. K. (2025). The effect of ai in education: reviews of some related topics. International Journal of Advanced Research, 13(10), 1547–1551. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/22056

Ünal, A. (2025). Leadership in the age of artificial intelligence. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v13i4.2660

Warin, A. K. (2022). Reconstructing Community Futures Through Non-Formal Education for Participatory and Inclusive Social Advancement. Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(1), 183-188.